COMPLETE SOLUTION By:
Mr. Ayaz Raj (MCS + B.ed)
Author:
Prof. Muhammad Iqtedar-ud-din
Mr. Sajjid Ali Shah
Mr. Aamir Ullah Khan
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Unit – 1 ECOLOGY
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
C |
B |
A |
D |
C |
A |
C |
B |
B |
D |
Q.B Short
Questions
i)
What are the major causes of pollution?
Ans: The
major causes of pollution are:
1.
Harmful gases and dust from
factories.
2.
Pollution from power stations
and automobiles.
3.
Sewage from Urban Areas.
4.
Use of Plastic.
5.
Air and water pollution has
badly affected all forms of life.
ii)
Differentiate between primary and secondary consumers?
Ans:
Primary
Consumers |
Secondary
Consumers |
Herbivores
are primary consumers as they feed on green plants. For
example: Caterpillars, Insects, Grasshoppers and Humming birds etc. |
Carnivores
are secondary consumers as they feed on other animals. For
example: Dogs, Cats, Owls, Snakes, and Birds etc. |
iii)
What is mutualism? Give some examples.
Ans: Mutualism:
Interaction
in which both members get benefit is called mutualism.
For Example:
Some bacteria live in intestine of man.
They get food and provide us with some vitamins.
iv)
Enlist the ways to control the air pollution?
Ans: Ways
to control the air pollution are:
1.
The use of Wind Power Stations
is replacing coal.
2.
The use of Solar Energy is
replacing oil power.
3.
Electrical Vehicles are becoming
popular day by day.
4.
The shift on clean energy
sources will help reduce air pollution.
v)
Why sewage water must be treated before releasing it into stream?
Ans: Sewage
water must be treated before releasing it into stream to control water
pollution.
vi)
How can you grow plants of warm areas in a region with low
environmental temperature?
Ans: Plants of warm area can grow in low environmental temperature by Greenhouse.
Q.C Long
Questions
1.
Explain carbon cycle and find the reason for the gradual increase
of carbon dioxide in atmosphere.
Ans: Carbon is constantly being removed
from and released into the environment, in the form of carbon dioxide. The
amount of carbon dioxide in atmosphere is 0.04%.
Plants
absorb this carbon dioxide to prepare their organic food by the process of
photosynthesis. Animals gain carbon in the form of organic compounds when they
feed on plants or other animals. The respiration process in both animals and
plants releases carbon dioxide back to the environment.
Animal and
plant bodies buried under earth crust were converted into fossil fuels like
coal, oil and gas. The combustion of fossil fuels in factories, automobiles and
houses is adding up carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rapidly.
2.
How positive activities of human can help to restore an ecosystem.
Ans: To save our planet and diverse
ecosystems, a number of steps are being taken:
1. Plantation
of trees where already existing forest has been destroyed by some cause.
2. Plantation
of forest on land where there was no forest before.
3. Take
complete control on Harmful gases and dust from factories.
4. Proper
Sewage System in urban areas.
5. Less
use of plastic are key steps to control water pollution.
6. The
use of Wind Power Stations is replacing coal.
7. The
use of Solar Energy is replacing oil power.
8. Electrical
Vehicles are becoming popular day by day.
9. The
shift on clean energy sources will help reduce air pollution.
10. Government,
NGOs, local communities and individuals work together to contribute towards
growing the population of endangered species.
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Q.D Structured
response questions
1.
a.
Enlist the factors which lead to the threat of extinction of Indus
dolphin.
Ans: The main threats to blind Indus dolphin
include contaminated water. Illegal fishing and intensive agricultural
practice.
b.
What is the present status of this mammal?
Ans: According to WWF, the population this
mammal has increased from 1300 to 1800. That is good.
c.
Suggest the steps to help conservation of Indus dolphin.
Ans: By helping to minimize water population,
introducing sustainable fishing method, and creating awareness of the
importance of dolphin.
2.
a.
What could be the effect of global warming on such island across
the globe?
Ans: It
can cause the loss of the entire land area of Maldives.
b.
Suggest the ways to save coastal cities from flooding or being
submerged.
Ans: By making seawalls, sloppy structures on banks and cliffs.
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Unit – 2 HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
C |
A |
A |
D |
D |
B |
C |
D |
D |
C |
Q.B Short
Questions
i)
Name three types of neurons and give their functions.
Ans: Three types of neurons are: Sensory
Neuron, Motor Neuron, Inter neuron.
1. Sensory
Neuron: It
transmits nerve impulses from sense organ (ear, eye, skin, tongue, and nose) to
the central nervous system.
2. Motor
Neuron: It
transmits nerve impulses away from central nervous system to effectors (Muscles
and glands).
3. Inter
Neuron: Inter
neurons are parents in brain and spinal cord. They form a link between Sensory
and Motor Neurons.
ii)
Which receptors and effectors are involved in the reflex actions
of:
(a) Blinking
of eyes in light spark. (b) Withdrawal
of hand on touching hot object.
Ans: (a) Blinking
of eyes in light spark:
Receptors |
Effectors |
Eyes |
Muscles
in the eyes |
(b) Withdrawal
of hand on touching hot object:
Receptors |
Effectors |
skin |
Arm
muscle |
iii)
What is the significance of peripheral nervous system?
Ans: It is a system which consists of a network of
nerves, which link different body parts with the brain.
It consists of 12 pairs of cranial
nerves, which emerge from the brain and mainly serve the head and neck.
It also contains 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which branch off from the spinal cord and reach the rest of the human body.
iv)
Differentiate between receptors and effectors.
Ans:
Receptors |
Effectors |
Sense
organs or cells which receive stimulus are called receptors. Example: eyes,
nose etc. |
A
muscle, gland or organ capable of responding to a stimulus is called
effector. |
v)
What is the significance of inter neurons?
Ans: Inter neurons are parents in brain
and spinal cord. They form a link between Sensory and Motor Neurons. They
analyze the message for proper responses.
Q.C Long
questions
1.
Give the structure of human brain and roles of different parts of
brain.
Ans: The most important organ in body that
control all the actions and processes occurring within the body. Brain is
protected in human skull called cranium. An adult human brain weights about
three pounds and consists of billions of neurons.
It is
divided into three main parts. Fore brain, mid brain and Hind brain.
1. Forebrain: It is the largest part of the brain
and further divided into three main parts cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus.
a. Cerebrum: It is the largest part of brain. Human
cerebrum is the most advance in all animals. It is divided into right and left
hemisphere. Cerebrum is the site of conscious (our sense of self), memory,
intelligence, learning, reasoning, personality, emotions and 'will'.
b. Thalamus: It plays critical role in the
processing of perception. It receives sensory information from the receptor
organs and sends them to the specific part of cerebrum.
c. Hypothalamus: It regulates body temperature,
appetite, water balance and blood pressure. It has Centre’s to control mood and
emotions, such as aggression, rage, fear and pleasure.
2. Midbrain: It is the center part of the brain.
It serves as a link between forebrain and hind brain. It also controls the
reflex movements of eye muscles.
3. Hindbrain: It consists of cerebellum, pons and
medulla oblongata.
a. Cerebellum: It concerned with the control and
precision of all movements involving voluntary muscles.
b. Pons: It is a bridge between cerebellum and
other parts of brain.
c. Medulla
oblongata: It controls involuntary activities like
heart rate, breathing rate, and swallowing, vomiting, salivation, coughing and
sneezing.
2. Differentiate between reflex arc and reflex action and explain the pathway followed by nerve impulse in a reflex arc.
Ans:
Reflex Arc |
Reflex
Action |
Reflex
arc is a pathway on which nerve impulse travels from receptor to the
effector. |
A
sudden response to a specific stimulus without conscious control is called a
reflex action. Example is quick pulling the hand just touching the hot object |
Pathway of
nerve impulse in reflex arc is as under:
1. Sense
organ (receptor).
2. Sensory
neuron.
3. Interneuron
(in CNS).
4. Motor neuron.
5. Effector (muscle or gland)
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Q.D Structured
questions
1.
Medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain collectively form brain stem.
a.
Look at the functions controlled by these parts and suggest what
will happen if brain stem dies?
Ans: If brain stem dies, it will cause brain
death. The person will never be able to breath without ventilator.
b. What will happen if connection between cerebellum and brain stem is damaged in an accident?
Ans: It can result in paralysis, coma, and lack
of motor function or death.
2.
Humans have largest cerebrum than any other animal.
a. Why is it so much convoluted?
b. Give the advantages of having large cerebrum.
Ans: Large cerebrum can store a lot of
information. It brings better cognitive performance.
c. Enlist the roles of cerebrum.
Ans: It can concern with memory, conscious, intelligence, learning, reasoning, and emotions.
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Unit – 3 VARIATION, HERITIDY, AND CELL DIVISION
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
C |
B |
D |
A |
B |
D |
A |
B |
B |
C |
Q.B Short
Questions
1.
Why is meiosis important in organisms that reproduced sexually?
Ans: Meiosis is a reduction division which
reduces number of chromosomes to half in gametes. It is necessary to maintain
the number of chromosomes in next generation produced through sexual
reproduction.
2.
State the importance of mitosis in human life.
Ans: In mitosis a parent cell divides to
produce two identical daughter cells. Both daughter cells have the same number
of chromosomes as in the parent cell. Growth, development, healing of wounds,
regeneration and asexual reproduction take place through mitoses.
3.
What is the significance of spindle fibers in cell division?
Ans: Spindle fibers form a protein structure
that divides the genetic material in a cell. The spindle is necessary to
equally divide the chromosomes in a parental cell into two daughter cells during
both types of nucleus division: mitosis and meiosis.
4.
You never see frogs, snakes and lizards during extreme winter as
they hibernate. What type of adaptation is it? Explain.
Ans: Hibernation
is a behavioral adaptation.
Q.C Long
Questions
1.
What are variations? Give different causes of variations.
Ans: Variation: Differences among the members in same
species is called variation.
Different causes of
variations:
In sexual reproduction
reproducing organism’s genetic variations are caused by crossing over and
mutations.
Environmental
factors which cause variations include are diet, temperature, and humidity.
Some
variations have few distinct forms and are called discontinuous variations like
free or attached ear lobes and blood group.
2. Describe the process of mitosis in detail.
Ans: The
process of mitosis can be divided into two main stages.
1.
Karyokinesis
2.
Cyto Kinesis
1.
Karyokinesis:
Karyon = Nucleus
Kinesis = Movement / Division
Phase:
1.
Prophase.
2.
Metaphase.
3.
Anaphase.
4.
Telephase.
1.
Prophase:
It is the first stage of Karyokinesis. At
this stage the chromosomes become visible. Centriole starts moving to opposite
poles. Nuclear membrane and nuclei become to disappear. Spindle fiber formation
starts at his stage.
2.
Metaphase:
It is the second stage of mitosis. At this
stage all chromosomes are align in the center of the cell.
3.
Anaphase:
It is the third stage of mitosis. At this
stage each centromere splits. The separated chromatids move to their poles.
4.
Telophase:
It is the fourth stage of mitosis. At this
stage chromosomes uncoil and disappear.
2.
Cyto Kinesis:
Cyto = Cytoplasm / Cell
Kineins = Splitting.
Division of cytoplasm is
called cytokinesis.
In animal cell the
cytoplasm if between the two nuclei.
In Plant cell, a cell plate if formed
between the two daughter nuclei that finally divides the cell into two daughter
cells.
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Q.D Structured response questions
1. Look at the coloured spiral structure of DNA.
i)
Show units of DNA molecules in different colours.
Ans: Adenine
Blue (Colour)
Guanine
Green (Colour)
Cytosine
Red (Colour)
Thymine
Yellow (Colour)
ii)
Explain how these units’ pair to form DNA molecules.
Ans: Each molecule of DNA is a double helix
formed from two complementary strands of nucleotides held together by hydrogen
bonds between G-C and A-T base pairs.
2.
Observe the stages of mitosis under the microscope through prepared
permanent glass slides.
i)
Explain the difference in appearance of chromosomes at prophase and
Telophase stage.
Ans: Prophase:
DNA is called up tightly so
chromosomes become visible.
Telophase:
chromosomes uncoil and disappear.
ii)
Why chromosomes are not visible in non-dividing cell
Ans: Because in non-dividing cell the
chromosomes are not highly condensed, so they are not visible.
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Unit – 4 BIOTECHNOLOGY
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
C |
B |
B |
A |
D |
D |
D |
C |
A |
D |
Q.B Short
Questions
1.
What could be the advantages of microbes produced dyes over
synthetic dyes?
Ans: Microbes produced dues do not contain
chemicals harmful to health. As such products are healthier and more reliable
than the chemical synthetic dyes.
2.
Give the advantages of using biodegradable plastic.
Ans: The
advantages of using biodegradable plastic are:
1.
Biodegradable Plastics are easy
to Re-cycle.
2.
They consume less energy during
their manufacture.
3.
Reduction of carbon dioxide
levels.
4.
Reduction of emission of
greenhouse gas level.
3.
What is the significance of fermented food?
Ans: Foods produced by fermentation process
have better taste, quality, and have longer storage life.
4.
How biotechnology can transform the way of treating diseases?
Ans: The
ways of treating diseases using biotechnology are:
1.
Diagnosis of diseases in short
time.
2.
Development of appropriate
medicines.
3.
Better vaccines.
4.
Gene therapy.
5.
What could be the best solution to mineral deficiency in third world
countries?
Ans: The
best solutions are:
1.
Use of multivitamin or mineral
supplement.
2.
Education about and support for
better diets.
3. Bio fortification of food.
Q.C Long
Questions
1.
Explain how biotechnology is helping to solve issues of food
shortage?
Ans: Biotechnology helps to solve issues of
food shortage by using different techniques such as Tissue Culture and Genetic
Engineering.
1.
Tissue
Culture:
With the help of tissue culture, crop and
plants give more production.
2.
Genetic
Engineering:
a.
Genetic engineering is used in
animals for better production of milk and meat.
Example: @
Neeli ravi buffalo is produced for better production of milk.
@
Nancy sheep is produced for better meat.
b.
Genetic engineering is also used
for better production of fruits and vegetables.
Example: @
GMO Strawberry stays fresh longer.
@
GMO corn has more yields.
@
GMO kiwi with orange peel.
2.
What are the applications of biotechnology?
Ans: Four
major areas in which biotechnology are applied.
1.
Biotechnology
in Agriculture:
Biotechnology has played an important role in improving our agriculture yields.
Scientists insert weed and pest resistant gene into plants. Proteins in foods
may be modified to increase their nutritional qualities.
2.
Food
production and Preservation: The quality of fruits and vegetation can
be improved by introduction of better quality genes.
3.
Health:
Identification of causes of diseases, production of medicines and correction of
genetic defects etc. are the major contributions of biotechnology.
4.
Environment: Environment
problems like pollution, degradation of land and sewage water are also resolved
by biotechnology.
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Q.D Structured response questions
1. Think like a biotechnologist.
Step 1: is
done.
Step 1: identify
mushroom genes responsible for plastic breakdown.
Step 2: Preparation
of clones of genes that are responsible for plastic breakdown.
Step 3: Insertion
in Mushroom which can grow in water bodies.
2.
Graph shows use of insecticides and cultivation of genetically
modified (GM) corn. Look at the changing trend and answer the following
questions.
a.
What type of gene has been inserted in this corn?
Ans: BT
dene has been inserted in this corn.
b.
Why the use of insecticides has decreased progressively?
Ans: Over time many pesticides have gradually
lost their effectiveness because pests have developed resistance.
c.
Why farmer preferred genetically modified corn normal verities?
Ans: Because GMO crops help farmers to prevent
crop and food loss and control weeds. Also GMO crops have resistance to certain
damaging insects.
d.
Give the environmental advantages of cultivation of this corn.
Ans: BT corn reduces the need for pesticides.
It increases supply of food with reduced cost and longer life.
3.
In 1976, Edwards Jenner inoculated a boy with cowpox virus which is
considered the fist ever vaccination in human history. Cowpox material
developed immunity in that boy against small pox.
a.
Why cowpox material provided immunity against small pox?
Ans: Because after vaccination, the patient
developed antibodies that make them immune to cowpox.
b.
What is the present status of small pox?
Ans: In 1980s, the World Health Organization
declared that smallpox had been eradicated. Currently, there is no evidence of
naturally occurring smallpox transmission anywhere in the world.
c.
Why vaccines are considered better solution against infection
diseases?
Ans: Vaccines are clever. They train our bodies
into building immunity against infectious diseases, without causing the
illness.
d.
Name diseases against which you have been vaccinated?
Ans: Small
pox, Typhoid, Covid19.
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Unit – 5 THE PERIODIC TABLE
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
A |
D |
A |
D |
B |
A |
A |
D |
D |
B |
Q.B Short
Questions
1.
Q.C Long
Questions
Q.D Structured
response questions
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Unit – 6 CHEMICAL REACTION AND BONDING
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
D |
A |
D |
A |
C |
D |
D |
D |
B |
B |
Q.B Short
Questions
Q.C Long
Questions
Q.D Structured
response questions
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Unit – 7 ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
C |
C |
C |
C |
C |
C |
D |
B |
C |
C |
Q.B Short
Questions
Q.C Long
Questions
Q.D Structured
response questions
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Unit – 8 FORCE AND PRESSURE
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
B |
C |
B |
C |
B |
B |
D |
D |
A |
C |
Q.B Short
Questions
1.
If there are many forces acting on an object, how can the net force
be ZERO?
Ans: The net force is sum of all the force
acting on an abject. It becomes ZERO when the forces are equal or cancelling
each other out balancing them.
2.
Why stepping of high heeled shoe hurting more than a flat shoe?
Ans: High heeled shoes transfer the force
through a much smaller area causing a much greater pressure. It will hurt more
if a person steps on someone’s foot in high heels that if they are wearing flat
shoes.
3.
Explain why objects moving in fluids must have special shapes.
Ans: Objects moving in fluids face the fluid
friction. Therefore objects moving in fluids must face stream lined shapes in
order to reduce fluid friction.
4.
Consider two identical pairs of water filled to the brim. One pail
contains only water, the other has a piece of wood floating in it. Which pail
has the greater weight?
Ans: 1.
The pail without the piece of wood
will have greater weight.
2. Wood in the second pail can float in
water only if the weight of volume of water displayed by it, is greater than
the weight of wood.
5.
Why does the fish float in the middle of the water?
Ans: The trick is the swim bladder, which is
basically like an air-inflated balloon that can expand and contract depending
on how much gas is inside. When the swim bladder expands it will increase in
volume and therefore displace more water. This increases the fish’s buoyancy
and it will upward.
6.
Why is atmospheric pressure at the surface of Earth?
Ans: Because due to higher strength of
gravitational pull large number of atmospheric gases come closer to each other
and form a denser layer, so due to formation of this denser layer the air
pressure increases over the earth surface.
Q.C Long
Questions
1.
What is net force? How it affect the motion of an object?
Ans: Net
force: The sum of all the forces acting on an object is called net
force.
Formula:
In N is the number of force acting on a body the net force formula is given by.
FNet:
F1+F2+F3 ---------- FN.
Where,
F1,
F2, F3 ---------- FN is the force acting in a
body.
Net
Force affects the motion of an object:
When
the body is in rest, the net force formula is given by:
FNet
= Fa + Fg
Where
Fa
= Applied Force.
Fg
= Gravitational Force.
Net
force when a body is in motion:
When is a force applied to the body, not
only the applied force acting, there are many frictional force Fr
and the normal force that balanced the other force.
Therefore,
the net force formula is given by
Fnet
= Fa + Fg + Fr + FN
Where
Fa
is applied force.
Fg
is a gravitational force.
Fr
is a frictional force.
FN
is a normal force.
2.
How is pressure related to force and area?
Ans: Pressure:
Pressure is
defined as the amount of force acting perpendicular on unit area of body.
Explanation: Pressure is
directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the area,
which means of force is increased p pressure, will be increase and if
force is decrease, pressure will be decreased. If acting force covers narrow
area, greater pressure will be produced.
3.
What is buoyancy? What determines the objects to sink or float?
Ans: Buoyancy: It is upward
force exerted by a fluid that oppose the weight of a partially or fully
immersed object.
Object to sink or float:
Object sinks or float due to
its density, if an object is denser than water, it will sink when placed in
water, and if it is less dense than water, it will float.
===========================================================
Q.D Structured response questions
1.
Determine the net force on each of the objects shown below. Don’t
forget to give the direction of the forces.
Ans:
10N
– 2N = 8N 8N
towards right side.
|
8N –
5N = 3N 3N
towards right side
|
6N –
3N = 3N 3N
towards downwards
|
5N –
5N + 5N = 5N 5N
towards downwards |
2.
A block of wood is floating on the surface of water as shown in
figure (a). In figure (b), the same block of wood is pushed beneath the surface
of the water. What will happen to the wood when the downward force in figure
(b) is removed? Also draw the buoyant force in the figure.
Ans: When the downward force on the wood
in figure (b) is removed then buoyant force acts on the wood and the wood
floats in the surface of water.
3.
The pressure inside the lungs increases and decreases with each
breath. When we inhale and exhale when is the pressure in the lungs greater
than atmospheric pressure and when is it lower than atmospheric pressure?
Ans: The pressure inside the lungs
increases and decreases with each breath. When we inhale and exhale. The
pressure in the lungs greater than atmospheric pressure during exhalation and
the pressure in the lungs lower than atmospheric pressure during inhalation.
4.
A submarine is a type of ship that can travel both on the surface
of the water and underwater. How submarine is able to both float and sink?
Ans: A submarine uses ballet tanks filled
with compressed air and when needed air released and takes on water which
increases the density making it sink but when the water is pushed out the submarine’s
density decreased making it float.
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Unit – 9 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF LIGHT
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
B |
C |
C |
B |
C |
B |
D |
A |
B |
B |
Q.B Short
Questions
1.
How can we see ordinary, non-luminous objects?
Ans: Ordinary non-luminous object reflects
he light falling on them and the reflected light are sensed by the eye and thus
we are able to see non-luminous objects.
2.
Do you need a full-length mirror to see your feet at the same time?
Does it depend how far you stand from the mirror?
Ans: The minimum size of the mirror should
be one half the people’s height. This is so because, in reflection, the angle
of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
However,
your distance from the mirror doesn’t matter to see full image.
3.
What is the minimum number of mirrors needed to see back of your
head?
Ans: Two
mirrors.
4.
At which position does the image and object has same magnification?
Ans: At
center of curvature.
5.
Can a convex mirror produce a real image of an object?
Ans: No.
Q.C Long
Questions
1.
State laws of reflection? Discuss how a plane mirror forms a
virtual image?
Ans: The law of reflection describes the
behavior of the incidents and reflected rays.
First Law: The incident ray, the reflected, ray, and
the normal to the surface all lies in the same plane.
Second Law: The angle of reflection is equal to
the angle of incidence.
Image
Formation by Plane Mirror
When two
light ways leaving the top of an object, these rays reflect from the mirror and
enters the eye, to the eye, it appears that the ray originates from behind the
mirror, along the dash lines. Similarly when two rays leaving the bottom of
object, therefore each corresponding point on the object, there is a single
corresponding point on the image. All the rays that leaves a given point on the
object, no matter what angle they have when strike the mirror, appears to
originate from a corresponding point on the image behind the mirror.
Picture from
Book Page 129 – Figure 9.9
2.
What is white light? How is the colour of light related to
reflection and absorption of light?
Ans: White Light: An electromagnetic radiation of all
the frequencies in the visible range of the spectrum, appearing white to the
eyes is called white light.
The Colour of the object or
material is determined by the colour in light it absorbs and those it’s
reflecting. And object has a colour of light that it reflects.
3.
Explain the image formation by convex and concave mirrors.
Ans: Image formation by concave mirror:
When the object is kept at
infinity:
When the object is placed
between infinity centers of curvature:
Object at center of Curvature
(C):
Object kept between the center
of curvature (c) and principal Focus (F):
Object between principal Force
(F) and Pole (P):
Image formation by concave
mirror:
Object of infinity:
Object is kept is highly
diminished in size, virtual and erect:
Q.D Structured
response questions
Unit – 10 ELECTRICITY AND MEGNITISM
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
C |
D |
A |
B |
C |
B |
B |
D |
D |
C |
Q.B Short
Questions
Q.C Long
Questions
Q.D Structured
response questions
Unit – 11 TECHNOLOGY IN EVERY LIFE
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
C |
C |
C |
B |
B |
Q.B Short
Questions
Q.C Long
Questions
Q.D Structured
response questions
Unit – 12 OUR UNIVERSE
EXERCISE
Q.A MCQs
(Choose the correct option)
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
C |
A |
C |
A |
D |
B |
C |
B |
B |
C |
Q.B Short
Questions
Q.C Long
Questions
Q.D Structured response questions
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